Wastewater New York State Practice Exam

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Which of the following is the chemical formula for nitric acid?

HCl
H2SO4
HNO3
CH3COOH

The correct answer is: HNO3

The chemical formula for nitric acid is HNO3. This compound is a strong acid commonly used in many industrial and laboratory applications. The structure comprises one nitrogen atom, three oxygen atoms, and one hydrogen atom, which is critical for its acidic properties. Nitric acid is highly soluble in water and is known for its powerful oxidizing capabilities. The other options represent different chemical compounds. HCl is the formula for hydrochloric acid, H2SO4 represents sulfuric acid, and CH3COOH is the formula for acetic acid. Each of these has distinct properties and uses, clearly differentiating them from nitric acid. Such distinctions are fundamental in understanding acid-base chemistry and their practical applications in wastewater management and treatment processes.