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Packing is commonly used to prevent leakage between moving parts of a pump because it is specifically designed for that purpose. Packing typically consists of fibrous materials, such as flax, jute, or synthetic fibers, which are compressed around the moving shaft. This creates a tight seal that minimizes the escape of liquids while allowing the shaft to rotate freely. The effectiveness of packing in containing pump fluids is crucial, particularly in applications where leakage can lead to significant operational issues or environmental concerns.

While other materials may play various roles in pump operation, they do not serve the primary function of sealing. For example, lubricants are used to reduce friction between moving parts but do not effectively seal against fluids. Sealing compounds can also be used in some applications, but they are not the standard choice for dynamic sealing in pumps. Graphite is often used in the context of lubricating surfaces or providing some level of sealing, but it is not the primary material used for packing when addressing leakage between moving parts.